1. Mature tree can grow up to 120 feet tall

2. Native to Eastern US

3. Leaves are palmate with 3-5 lobes; may be green in spring and turn red in fall

1. Unknown toxic principle present in wilted or dry maple leaves and bark

2. Causes oxidation of Hemoglobin (red) to methemoglobin (brown) or can cause hemolysis (rupture) of red blood cells

1. Primarily seen in horses

2. Onset time of 1-3 days

3. Animals eat from 1-3 lbs. of leaves and can become poisoned

1. become weak, heart and respiration increases
2. blood can become dark reddish brown (chocolate) due to methemoglobin formation which makes blood unable to carry oxygen
3. red blood cells can rupture, causing hemoglobin to spill over into the urine, making it red (brown)
4. may become depressed, comatose, and die

1. Administer fluids

2. May need to give the animal a blood transfusion

3. Give ascorbic acid intravenously